The Netherlands plays an important role in the field of uncertainty analysis, such as in forecasting weather and flood levels. Two examples in which this type of research has been made freely accessible are an open software environment started by Dutch researchers (OpenDA), and more recently an open source toolkit (VECMAtk) co-developed by Dutch researchers.

These initiatives make it possible to compute reliable, verifiable multi-scale simulations on future exa-scale computers at speeds of a trillion operations per second.